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Carbon cycle shows the movement of carbon in elemental and combined states on earth. Diamond and graphite are the elemental forms of carbon and in a combined state, it is found as carbonates in minerals and as carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere. Read on to explore the definition and the steps involved in the carbon cycle. Also learn the various elements of the Carbon cycle diagram.

碳循环显示了碳在地球上的元素和组合状态的运动。钻石和石墨是碳的元素形式，在组合状态下，它以矿物中的碳酸盐和大气中的二氧化碳气体形式存在。继续阅读，探索碳循环的定义和涉及的步骤。还可以了解碳循环图中的各种元素。

Carbon cycle is the process where carbon compounds are interchanged among the biosphere, geosphere, pedosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of the earth.

碳循环是指碳化合物在地球的生物圈、地圈、土壤圈、水圈和大气圈之间相互交换的过程。

Carbon Cycle Steps 碳循环的步骤

Following are the major steps involved in the process of the carbon cycle:

1. Carbon present in the atmosphere is absorbed by plants for photosynthesis.
2. These plants are then consumed by animals and carbon gets bioaccumulated into their bodies.
3. These animals and plants eventually die, and upon decomposing, carbon is released back into the atmosphere.
4. Some of the carbon that is not released back into the atmosphere eventually become fossil fuels.
5. These fossil fuels are then used for man-made activities, which pump more carbon back into the atmosphere.

以下是碳循环过程中的主要步骤。

1. 大气中的碳被植物吸收进行光合作用。
2. 然后，这些植物被动物吃掉，碳被生物累积到它们的体内。
3. 这些动物和植物最终死亡，在分解时，碳被释放回大气中。
4. 一些没有释放回大气中的碳最终成为化石燃料。
5. 这些化石燃料然后被用于人造活动，从而将更多的碳抽回大气中。

Carbon Cycle Diagram 碳循环图

The carbon cycle diagram below elaborates the flow of carbon along different paths. 下面的碳循环图阐述了碳在不同路径上的流动。

Carbon cycle

Carbon Cycle on Land 陆地上的碳循环

Carbon in the atmosphere is present in the form of carbon dioxide. Carbon enters the atmosphere through natural processes such as respiration and industrial applications such as burning fossil fuels. The process of photosynthesis involves the absorption of CO2 by plants to produce carbohydrates. The equation is as follows:

大气层中的碳是以二氧化碳的形式存在的。碳通过呼吸作用等自然过程和燃烧化石燃料等工业应用进入大气。光合作用的过程涉及到植物对二氧化碳的吸收，以产生碳水化合物。该方程式如下：

CO2 H2O energy → (CH2O)n O2

Carbon compounds are passed along the food chain from the producers to consumers. The majority of the carbon exists in the body in the form of carbon dioxide through respiration. The role of decomposers is to eat the dead organism and return the carbon from their body back into the atmosphere. The equation for this process is:

碳化合物沿着食物链从生产者传递给消费者。大部分的碳通过呼吸作用以二氧化碳的形式存在于体内。分解者的作用是吃掉死去的生物体，并将其体内的碳送回大气中。这个过程的方程式是：

(CH2O)n O2 → CO2 H2O

Oceanic Carbon Cycle 海洋碳循环

This is essentially a carbon cycle but in the sea. Ecologically, oceans take in more carbon than it gives out. Hence, it is called a “carbon sink.” Marine animals convert carbon to calcium carbonate and this forms the raw building materials require to create hard shells, similar to the ones found in clams and oysters.

这基本上是一个碳循环，但在海洋中。在生态学上，海洋吸收的碳比它发出的多。因此，它被称为 "碳汇"。海洋动物将碳转化为碳酸钙，这形成了制造硬壳所需的原始建筑材料，类似于蛤蜊和牡蛎中的硬壳。

When organisms with calcium carbonate shells die, their body decomposes, leaving behind their hard shells. These accumulate on the seafloor and are eventually broken down by the waves and compacted under enormous pressure, forming limestone.

当具有碳酸钙外壳的生物体死亡时，它们的身体会分解，留下它们的硬壳。这些积累在海底，最终被海浪分解，在巨大的压力下被压实，形成石灰岩。

When these limestone rocks are exposed to air, they get weathered and the carbon is released back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.

当这些石灰岩暴露在空气中时，它们会被风化，碳会以二氧化碳的形式释放回大气中。

Importance of Carbon Cycle 碳循环的重要性

Even though carbon dioxide is found in small traces in the atmosphere, it plays a vital role in balancing the energy and traps the long-wave radiations from the sun. Therefore, it acts like a blanket over the planet. If the carbon cycle is disturbed it will result in serious consequences such as climatic changes and global warming.

尽管二氧化碳在大气中的痕迹很小，但它在平衡能量和捕获来自太阳的长波辐射方面起着重要作用。因此，它就像地球上的一条毯子。如果碳循环受到干扰，将导致严重后果，如气候变化和全球变暖。

Carbon is an integral component of every life form on earth. From proteins and lipids to even our DNA. Furthermore, all known life on earth is based on carbon. Hence, the carbon cycle, along with the nitrogen cycle and oxygen cycle, plays a vital role in the existence of life on earth.

碳是地球上每个生命形式的一个组成部分。从蛋白质和脂质到甚至我们的DNA。此外，地球上所有已知的生命都以碳为基础。因此，碳循环与氮循环和氧循环一起，在地球上的生命存在中发挥着重要作用。

What is the carbon cycle? Explain. 什么是碳循环？解释一下。

Carbon Cycle is a biogeochemical cycle where various carbon compounds are interchanged among the various layers of the earth, namely, the biosphere, geosphere, pedosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.

碳循环是一种生物地球化学循环，各种碳化合物在地球各层，即生物圈、地圈、土壤圈、水圈和大气中相互交换。

What are the 4 steps of the carbon cycle? 碳循环的4个步骤是什么？

· Carbon enters the atmosphere as CO2

· CO2 is absorbed by autotrophs such as green plants

· Animals consume plants, thereby, incorporating carbon into their system

· Animals and plants die, their bodies decompose and carbon is reabsorbed back into the atmosphere.

- 碳以二氧化碳的形式进入大气层

- 二氧化碳被绿色植物等自生植物吸收

- 动物食用植物，从而将碳纳入其系统中

- 动物和植物死亡，它们的身体分解，碳被重新吸收回大气中。

What are the types of the carbon cycle? 碳循环的类型有哪些？

Carbon Cycle can be classified into two types based on the duration of the process into two types 碳循环可以根据过程的持续时间分为两种类型：

• Short term – This type occurs within a relatively short period of time. It is named as such because it takes just days, months or years for carbon to flow across the various carbon reservoirs.

短期--这种类型发生在一个相对较短的时间段内。之所以这样命名，是因为碳在各个碳库中的流动只需要几天、几个月或几年。

• Long term – This type takes thousands of years to occur. The excess carbon from the short-term cycle is stored for a long time before they are released.

长期--这种类型需要几千年的时间才能发生。短期循环中多余的碳在它们被释放之前被储存了很长一段时间。

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